Quick Citation Overview
Throughout your Carleton career and beyond, you will likely be asked to use some form of standard style to format your writing when you are building on the work of others. As you become more familiar with these citation conventions, the specific details of creating citations will become easier.
The importance of documenting and giving attribution to those whose ideas you use is outlined elsewhere in this guide. Style manuals contain specific instructions on how citations and bibliographies should be formatted for a given style.
Who and Where:
Learning how to use the campus’ resources can save you from spending fruitless hours searching aimlessly on the Internet. The librarians and writing tutors, who often help students with research and writing, will be happy to guide you through creating footnotes, endnotes, and bibliographies. You can find them at the Research/IT desk on the fourth floor of the Libe and in the Write Place on the second floor of Scoville Hall.
How
The Gould Library and Writing Center have numerous, and often multiple copies of, different style manuals. If your professor gives you the name of a specific style, you can search for the title of the style in our online catalog, BRIDGE, accessible from the library’s web site.
There are three major styles that include instructions on formatting citations and bibliographies:
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MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (MLA) |
CC Ready Reference LB2369 .G53 2003 |
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Chicago Manual of Style |
CC Ready Reference Z253 .U69 2003 (also online through BRIDGE) |
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Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) |
CC Ready Reference BF76.7 .P83 2001 |
Individual departments and professors often have preferences about which style should be used. These are often identified on your syllabus or on the department’s web site. If it isn’t clear to you which style is appropriate for your assignment, ask your professor.
Help Using These Styles and More
- Librarians and writing tutors work with students using a wide variety of citation styles and are happy to help.
- The Gould library has an online guide to finding resources on citations, including quick online overviews here: http://apps.carleton.edu/campus/library/find/guides/general/?guide_id=133205 .
- EndNote—Carleton students have access to the program EndNote, which assists with the creation of citations and bibliographies. A librarian can help you learn how to use EndNote. More information is available here: http://apps.carleton.edu/campus/library/find/guides/endnote/
Recommended Books on Style (located in the Write Place)
If you avoided buying a style manual during the textbook shopping sprees, we encourage you to pore over the reference guides available in the Write Place:
· Doing Honest Work in College: How to Prepare Citations, Avoid Plagiarism, and Achieve Real Academic Success
This manual is especially useful if you need to know the specific styles for biomedical sciences, chemistry, physics, astronomy, math, and computer science, as well as the general ones.
· The Chicago Manual of Style
· MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, Sixth Edition
· Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Fifth Edition